It is a constant debate: what is the best investment? Is it shares or property? Should you buy gold bullion or tip extra money into your superannuation?

Lets have a look back at the past decade to see how these investments have performed.

Gold is the winner for pure gains but a rising Aussie dollar rubbed off some of the shine. Still, in $US per ounce it’s up a massive 284 per cent.

Houses

The median Australian house price has climbed 127 per cent in the past decade but there are big differences between the best and worst.

The big winners are Darwin (up 223 per cent), Hobart and Perth (both 208 per cent), data from the Real Estate Institute of Australia has found.

Adelaide’s median house price has climbed 176 per cent during the decade.

As a rule of thumb, residential property doubles every 10 years.

Sydney was the only city to underperform, with a 93 per cent increase.

However, this does not tell the whole story. The median Sydney price, currently at $569,000 is still below its $571,000 high in 2004.

Shares

It has been a rocky road for shares during the past decade, with two bear markets and a long boom. The All Ordinaries index of 500 companies is up 49 per cent over the past 10 years.

Australian Stock Report head of research Steven Dooley says the energy sector had a great decade as the oil price rose from about $US10 a barrel to highs near $US150 in mid-2008.

Consumer staples companies showed that slow and steady wins the race.

Superannuation

Super is technically not an asset it’s a structure to hold your investments and it has been hit for six during the past 18 months.

However, it’s on the way back up again, and for the decade the average balanced fund has still climbed 72 per cent.

The global financial crisis wiped 20 per cent off the average balanced fund in 2008, while the year before super was down 6.4 per cent.

But the GFC was not the only glitch during the decade. The 2002 Asian financial crisis caused losses of almost 5 per cent.

“The funds soon shook that off, however, and we had five strong years of predominantly double-digit growth,” SuperRatings chief operating officer Nathan McPhee says.

“People soon just expected that those extraordinary levels of growth were normal.”

Wine

Australians’ love of wine can be justified by investors to a point. Average prices of premium reds have climbed 78 per cent, although most wine is still traded on the secondary market for pleasure.

“The fine wine market is today’s modern spice trade,” Langton’s auctioneer Andrew Caillard says.

During the past 10 years, however, the wine market has developed a bit of a “cult phenomenon” where unheard-of wines can fetch more than $1000 a bottle.

“Don’t borrow money to buy wine. There are no guarantees of making returns,” Mr Caillard says.

Very rare wines, however, are a market to themselves with some Australian rare wine up 300 per cent this year.

Cash

It has been an uneventful start and finish for cash investments for the decade.

In December 1999 the average one-year, fixed-term deposit rate was 5.22 per cent.

Today it is 5.09 per cent, according to RateCity. The average during the decade was 5.3 per cent.

Unlike shares and property, cash does not deliver capital growth only income but is seen as a safe investment.

HSBC has some great offers currently. You can find them here.

Commercial Property

Listed property trusts offer the easiest access for investors to commercial property but what a shocker of a decade for this sector. The Listed Property Trust index fell 31 per cent.

During the decade, many trusts started at just 50 per unit, rode the back of the global property bubble up to $8 or $9 then tumbled back again, Australian Stock Report’s Steven Dooley says. Other trusts were wiped out.

Thoroughbreds

The average yearling sale price has jumped 88 per cent during the decade.

“The globalisation of the industry has been a boon to Australian horses because it has brought international investment and recognition during the past 10 years,” Inglis commercial manager Matt Rudolph says.

“In Australia, anyone can be an investor but in the UK or Europe, for example, it is often only for the elite. Here you can dream of winning a Golden Slipper or a Melbourne Cup. You only have to have a look at the past winners to see it can happen.”

Gold

If you put your money in gold 10 years ago, you’d be on a winner, with 284 per cent growth.

Although currency fluctuations have boosted the price recently, the sector is still seen as a haven and a growth asset.

There is a real bull market in gold, says Daily Reckoning gold analyst Bill Bonner.

“It’s what you buy when you think government is making a mess of the monetary situation. You put your trust in gold as an antidote, as protection, as wealth insurance.”

Diamonds

Diamonds have not been a girl’s best friend this decade, with virtually no growth a mere 0.5 per cent.

According to the international benchmark index of South Africa’s PolishedPrices.com, diamond prices roughly ended the past 10 years at the same place they started. However there were a few ups and downs.

PolishedPrices spokesman Richard Platt says diamonds reached a peak in August last year, but even that high translated to a mere 18 per cent increase since 1999.

So, the next time you are told in the jewellery store that it’s a ‘great investment’, refer them to this article.

Where have you found some great value from investments?

PD

Yes, the finance industry is the foremost expert on 3 letter acronyms, and IPO is another example. Standing for Initial Public Offering, it basically means offering shares to the public for the first time, usually with a prospectus that details the investment offer.

IPOs are often described as flotation, going public or listing. Prior to an IPO, enterprises that sell shares to investors are considered to be privately held. The IPO allows investors to liquidate some or all of their interest in the particular entity when it becomes a public company.

Selling Stock
An initial public offering, or IPO, is the first sale of stock by a company to the public. A company can raise money by issuing either debt or equity. If the company has never issued equity to the public, it’s known as an IPO.

Companies fall into two broad categories: private and public.
A privately held company has fewer shareholders and its owners don’t have to disclose much information about the company. Anybody can go out and incorporate a company: just put in some money, file the right legal documents and follow the reporting rules of your jurisdiction. Most small businesses are privately held. But large companies can be private too. Did you know that IKEA, Domino’s Pizza and Hallmark Cards are all privately held?

It usually isn’t possible to buy shares in a private company. You can approach the owners about investing, but they’re not obligated to sell you anything, and probably won’t anyway. Public companies, on the other hand, have sold at least a portion of themselves to the public and trade on a stock exchange. This is why doing an IPO is also referred to as “going public.”

This form of investing can be relatively high risk, but at the same time, if you know much about a company looking at an IPO, and you do your due dilligence on the business, it could give you returns far exceeding many other investments in this category. Once again, do your research and never invest in anything you don’t know much about.

That concludes the simple series of investing in shares. There are many websites dedicated to shares and books on investing. Warren buffet has a very down to earth look at investing and it obviously works, considering he is the second richest man in the world by doing this. I hope this series helped you.

PD

One of the reasons shares are bought is to receive an income. Each time the listed company has profits at the end of each year, they pay a share of the profits to their shareholders, which is called a dividend.

I know this is not rocket science for many people, but you would be surprised how many people don’t understand different parts of shares. Wikipedia’s definition of a dividend sums it up quite well:

Dividends are payments made by a corporation to its shareholders. It is the portion of corporate profits paid out to stockholders. When a corporation earns a profit or surplus, that money can be put to two uses: it can either be re-invested in the business (called retained earnings), or it can be paid to the shareholders as a dividend. Many corporations retain a portion of their earnings and pay the remainder as a dividend.

These dividends can be paid franked or unfranked. Franked means that the shares have had the tax paid on the earnings already, and unfranked means the tax hasn’t.

So many people invest in shares, in fact nearly every Australian worker has some form of shares at the moment, through superannuation. If you haven’t gone to the extent of actually purchasing shares yourself, then there are a few things you will need to understand before taking ‘the plunge’.

To help you with the basics of understanding shares, I’ll run a short post series. If you have any feedback or suggestions on what you would like to hear more about, please post a comment below and I’ll post the information for you.If you go to the ASX website, and click on shares to search for a company, you will find the following facts: This first post is about Price Earnings Ratios (P/E ratio).

What Does Price-Earnings Ratio - P/E Ratio Mean?
A valuation ratio of a company’s current share price compared to its per-share earnings.
Calculated as: Price-Earnings Ratio (P/E Ratio)

For example, if a company is currently trading at $43 a share and earnings over the last 12 months were $1.95 per share, the P/E ratio for the stock would be 22.05 ($43/$1.95).

The Eearnings Per Share is usually from the last four quarters (also called trailing P/E), but sometimes it can be taken from the estimates of earnings expected in the next four.

In general, a high P/E suggests that investors are expecting higher earnings growth in the future compared to companies with a lower P/E. However, the P/E ratio doesn’t tell us the whole story by itself. It’s usually more useful to compare the P/E ratios of one company to other companies in the same industry, to the market in general or against the company’s own historical P/E. It would not be useful for investors using the P/E ratio as a basis for their investment to compare the P/E of a technology company (high P/E) to a utility company (low P/E) as each industry has much different growth prospects.

The P/E is sometimes referred to as the “multiple”, because it shows how much investors are willing to pay per dollar of earnings. If a company were currently trading at a multiple (P/E) of 20, that would mean that an investor is willing to pay $20 for $1 of  current earnings.

It is important that investors note an important problem that arises with the P/E measure, and to avoid basing a decision on this measure alone. The denominator (earnings) is based on an accounting measure of earnings that is susceptible to forms of manipulation, making the quality of the P/E only as good as the quality of the underlying earnings number.

I hope this post helped you understand the P/E Ratio, and be sure to keep an eye on the next post.

PD